Application of activated carbons in water treatment
According to statistics, the industrial wastewater discharged every year in my country is about 8×108 m3, which not only contains highly toxic components such as cyanide, but also contains metal ions such as chromium, zinc, and nickel. There are many wastewater treatment methods, mainly chemical precipitation method, electrolysis method and membrane treatment method, etc. This article introduces the activated carbons adsorption method. Activated carbon has a huge surface area and has high physical adsorption and chemical adsorption functions. Therefore, the activated carbon adsorption method is widely used in wastewater treatment. And it has the characteristics of high efficiency and good effect. Activated carbons is a specially treated carbon with numerous small pores and a huge surface area, with a surface area of 500-1500 square meters per gram of activated carbon. Activated carbon has strong physical adsorption and chemical adsorption functions, and it also has detoxification effects. The detoxification effect is to use its huge area to adsorb the poison in the micropores of the activated carbon, thereby preventing the absorption of the poison. At the same time, activated carbon can be combined with a variety of chemical substances to prevent the absorption of these substances. There are many types of activated carbon used in production. Generally made into powder or granular. Powdered activated carbon has strong adsorption capacity, is easy to prepare and low in price, but it is difficult to regenerate and generally cannot be reused. The granular activated carbon is more expensive, but it can be reused after regeneration, and the working conditions during use are better, and the operation and management are convenient. Therefore, granular activated carbon is often used in water treatment. Activated carbon adsorption refers to the use of the solid surface of activated carbon to adsorb one or more substances in water to achieve the purpose of purifying water.
Precautions for the use of activated carbons
1. Clean and remove dust before use, otherwise these black dust may temporarily affect the cleanliness of water quality. However, it is not recommended to wash it directly with fresh tap water, because once the porous activated carbon absorbs a large amount of chlorine and bleach in the tap water, it will damage the water quality when it is placed in the filter for use. I believe I don't need to say more. Remember to rinse the activated carbon with clean water about 4 times before putting it in the water to remove the activated carbons ash, so as not to stain the water tank and fish. Communicate with each other. The use of activated carbons can remove the fishy smell. 2. It is impossible to clean the clogged debris in the porous pores of activated carbons by simple cleaning in ordinary times. Therefore, the activated carbons must be replaced regularly to prevent the activated carbon from losing its effectiveness due to "saturation of adsorption". And the timing of the replacement is best not to wait for it to fail before replacing it, so as to ensure that the activated carbon can continuously remove the harmful substances in the water quality of the aquarium. It is recommended to replace it 1-2 times a month! 3. The efficiency of activated carbons to treat water quality is related to its treatment dosage, usually "the effect of treating water quality with more dosage is relatively good." 4. After the quantitative activated carbons is used, you should always observe the changes in water quality in the initial stage of use, and pay attention to the observation results, as the basis for judging the time for the replacement of activated carbons after failure. 5. When using medicines to treat fish diseases, the activated carbon should be temporarily taken out and the use should be suspended. In order to prevent the drug from being adsorbed by activated carbon and reducing the therapeutic effect. The efficiency of activated carbons depends on many factors. The shorter the aquarium installation time, the more frequent the replacement of activated carbon (about once a month). The longer the aquarium installation time, the more effective the activated carbon is in the aquarium. The longer it takes (about four months or more).
Introduction to basic knowledge of Activated Carbons
Activated Carbons is a traditional and modern man-made material, also known as carbon molecular sieve. Since its inception, the application fields of Activated Carbons and honeycomb activated carbon have been expanding, and the number of applications has continued to increase. Due to the different sources of raw materials, manufacturing methods, appearance shapes and applications, there are many types of activated carbon, about thousands of varieties. Activated carbon classification method: classification by material, shape, and purpose. Activated carbon is classified by material 1. Coconut shell charcoal Coconut shell activated carbon is made of high-quality coconut shells from Hainan, Southeast Asia and other places. The raw materials are screened, refined by steam carbonization, and then processed through a series of processes such as impurity removal and activation screening. Coconut shell activated carbon is black granular, with developed pore structure, high adsorption capacity, high strength, stable chemical properties, and durability. 2. Nutshell charcoal Nutshell activated carbon is mainly made of nutshell and sawdust as raw materials, through carbonization, activation, and refined processing. It has the characteristics of large specific surface area, high strength, uniform particle size, developed pore structure, and strong adsorption performance. And can effectively absorb free chlorine, phenol, sulfur, oil, gum, pesticide residues and other organic pollution in the water, as well as the recovery of organic solvents. It is suitable for the decolorization, refining, purification and sewage treatment of organic solvents in the pharmaceutical, petrochemical, sugar, beverage, and alcohol purification industries. Nutshell activated carbon is widely used in the deep purification of drinking water, industrial water and wastewater, and the purification of industrial water. 3. Wood charcoal Wood charcoal is made of high-quality wood as raw material, in powder form, refined by high-temperature carbonization, activation and various processes to make wooden activated carbon. It has a large specific surface area, high activity, developed micropores, strong decolorization power, and large pore structure, etc. Features, large pore structure, can effectively absorb the color and other large substances and impurities in the liquid. 4. Columnar carbon Columnar charcoal is made from high-quality wood chips, charcoal, etc., which are crushed, mixed, extruded, formed, dried, carbonized, and activated. Compared with traditional coal-based columnar activated carbon, the columnar activated carbon has lower ash content, less impurities, reasonable pore size distribution, and good adsorption and desorption, which greatly improves the service life of the product (average 2-3 years). It is the same as that of ordinary coal-based carbon. 1.4 times. 5. Coal-based charcoal Coal-based carbon is refined from high-quality anthracite coal as raw materials. The shapes are columnar, granular, powder, honeycomb, spherical and other shapes. It has the characteristics of high strength, fast adsorption speed, high adsorption capacity, large specific surface area, and developed pore structure. . The pore size is between coconut shell activated carbon and wood activated carbon. Mainly used for air purification, exhaust gas purification, high-purity water treatment, wastewater treatment, sewage treatment, etc.
Carbon molecular sieve adsorption and desorption process
The main component of Carbon molecular sieve is elemental carbon, and the appearance is a dark gray cylindrical solid. Because it contains many microporous plates with a diameter of 4 angstroms, the microporous plates have a strong instant appeal to oxygen molecules, and can be used to extract CO2 and N2 in the air. Pressure swing adsorption machinery and equipment ( PSA) Make N2. Carbon molecular sieve has a large nitrogen production capacity, a high N2 utilization rate, and a long service life. It can be used with various specifications and models of pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generators. It is a product of pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generators. Carbon molecular sieve air separation nitrogen production has been widely used in petrochemical equipment, machinery and equipment, metal surface solution, electronic component production and processing, vegetable preservation and other industries. Basic concept of production process Carbon molecular sieve absorption and treatment of organic waste gas is the application of Carbon molecular sieve microplates to digest and analyze the characteristics of chemical compounds, and absorb the organic solvents in the lower concentration of analytical chemical industrial waste gas into Carbon molecular sieve. After purification, the gas after suction and cleaning up to the standard is emptied immediately. The essence is a physical absorption and purification process. The organic solvents are not disposed of. Absorption is the use of the remodeling machinery and equipment produced by our company to melt the organic waste gas caused by the air heating of the organic solvent absorbed in the Carbon molecular sieve to ensure the melting point of the solvent, so that the organic solvent is absorbed from the Carbon molecular sieve And introduce the purified industrial waste gas with a higher concentration value into the catalytic combustion device equipment. The oxidation-reduction reaction of organic waste gas with a higher concentration value in the remodeling machinery and equipment reflects the conversion into harmless water and carbon dioxide into the gas. Absorption can be carried out in addition, using multiple Carbon molecular sieve adsorption beds for adsorption treatment, in addition to one bed for adsorption development prospects, suitable for continuous production and processing sites. Advantages of production process 1. High professional ability to absorb organic molecules in industrial waste gas; 2. High temperature resistant and not easy to corrode; 3. Molecular sieves can be continuously reshaped. The catalytic reaction speed is used to reshape the machinery and equipment to reshape it on time, and the concentrated gas produced in the manufacturing process enters the remolding machinery and equipment and is compounded, resulting in harmless gas sewage treatment and difficult to correct Geographical environment causes secondary pollution; 4. It saves operating costs and does not need to be disassembled on time like activated carbon.
What factors affect the Carbon molecular sieve of the nitrogen generator
Many people don't know Carbon molecular sieve very well and don't know what it is. Just grasp some industry-related professional skills in the industry, such as Carbon molecular sieve for nitrogen generators. Carbon molecular sieve is based on the characteristics selected to ensure the purpose of dissolving co2 and N2. When Carbon molecular sieve absorbs sediment vapor, the holes and vertical holes are only used as safety exits for safety exits, and the absorbed molecular formula is transported to the microwell and submicrowell plates, and the microwell and submicrowell plates are Actual digestion capacity. The outside of the Carbon molecular sieve includes many microplates, which can quickly disperse molecular formulas with smaller mechanical energy specifications into the pores, and restrict the entry of large-diameter molecular formulas. Due to the difference in relative dispersion speed of vapor molecular formulas of different specifications and models, the composition of vapor ginseng dirt can be dissolved very well. Therefore, during the production and processing of Carbon molecular sieve, according to the molecular size specification, the microplates on both sides of the Carbon molecular sieve should diffuse in the middle of 0.28~0.38nm. In this type of microplate specifications, co2 can be quickly dispersed into the wells according to the microplate holes, but nitrogen cannot be based on the microplate holes, so oxygen and nitrogen are dissolved. The diameter of the microplate is the basis for selecting co2 and N2 based on carbon. If the diameter is very large, the carbon molecular sieve of oxygen and nitrogen can easily enter the microplate, and the expected effect of dissolution cannot be guaranteed. When the diameter is too small, neither oxygen nor nitrogen can enter the microplate, nor can it have a dissolving effect. 1. Pressure reducing valve on the pipeline As a result, the maintenance of nitrogen equipment has improved personal preference, and the characteristics of mechanical equipment have decreased. Therefore, the use of imported valves has solved the root cause of the thin link of the Carbon molecular sieve nitrogen generator. For traditional PSA nitrogen generators, it is very important to solve the sensitivity, service life and maintenance difficulties of its constituent valves. Some household shut-off valves have a higher maintenance rate. 2. The importance of PSA nitrogen production equipment The use of Carbon molecular sieve ensures the use of Carbon molecular sieve, Carbon molecular sieve bottling expertise and Carbon molecular sieve automatic filling equipment. Compared with other similar nitrogen generators, it increases the nitrogen utilization rate and reduces the energy consumption of the nitrogen generator by 1525%, thus ensuring the service life of the Carbon molecular sieve and reducing the carbon molecular sieve’s absorption of tables and benches. "load". It improves the professional ability of carbon molecular sieve nitrogen generator. The characteristics of activated carbon industrial waste gas absorption equipment 1. It is very good for volatile organic compounds or peculiar smell, and the absorption of vapor meets the requirements. 2. The expected effect is very good for the lower concentration of volatile organic compounds. Activated carbon is used repeatedly to control the cost 3. The processing air volume is large, and the expected effect of suction is high. 4. Easy to disassemble activated carbon.
Understand the process of carbon molecular sieve adsorption and desorption.
The main component of carbon molecular sieve is elemental carbon, and its appearance is a dark gray columnar solid. Because it contains many microporous plates with a diameter of 4 angstroms, the microporous plates have a strong instant appeal to oxygen molecules, and can be used to extract CO2 and N2 in the air. Pressure swing adsorption machinery and equipment ( PSA) Make N2. Carbon molecular sieve has large nitrogen production capacity, high N2 utilization rate and long service life. Various specifications and models of pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generators can be used. It is the product of pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generators. Carbon molecular sieve air separation nitrogen production has been widely used in petrochemical equipment and machinery, metal surface solutions, electronic components production and processing, vegetable preservation and other industries. Basic concept of production process: Carbon molecular sieve is used to absorb and treat organic waste gas. It uses carbon molecular sieve microporous plates to digest and analyze the characteristics of chemical compounds. The organic solvent in the analytical chemical industrial waste gas with very low wind concentration is absorbed into the carbon molecular sieve and purified. The gas after suction and cleaning up to the standard is emptied immediately. The essence is a physical absorption and purification process. The organic solvents are not disposed of. Absorption is to use the organic solvent absorbed in the carbon molecular sieve to ensure the melting point of the solvent, and to absorb the organic solvent from the carbon molecular sieve, and to purify the organic solvent. Industrial waste gas with a higher concentration value is introduced into the catalytic combustion device equipment. The oxidation-reduction reaction of organic waste gas with a higher concentration value in the remodeling machinery and equipment reflects the conversion into harmless water and carbon dioxide into the gas. The absorption can be carried out in addition, the application of multiple carbon molecular sieve absorption beds for absorption treatment, and the development prospect of one bed for absorption, suitable for continuous production and processing sites. Advantages of production process: 1. High professional ability to absorb organic molecules in industrial waste gas; 2. High temperature resistant and not easy to corrode; 3. Molecular sieves can be continuously reshaped. The catalytic reaction speed is used to reshape the machinery and equipment to reshape it on time, and the concentrated gas produced in the manufacturing process enters the remolding machinery and equipment and is compounded, resulting in harmless gas sewage treatment and difficult to correct Geographical environment causes secondary pollution; 4. It saves operating costs and does not need to be disassembled on time like activated carbon.